Selank

Findings:

Rats treated with Selank exhibited enhanced memory recall. These preliminary findings indicate that Selank could potentially serve as a memory-enhancing agent.

Participants:

Animal model: rats

Study Quality Assessment:

Published in the journal "Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior". Preliminary findings. More research is needed, especially on human subjects.

Findings:

Selank (0.3 mg/kg/day for 7 days, intraperitoneally) produced a cognitive-stimulating effect in 9-month-old rats not exposed to ethanol (p<0.05) and prevented ethanol-induced memory and attention disturbances (p<0.01) during alcohol withdrawal. In ex vivo experiments, Selank prevented an ethanol-induced increase in BDNF content in the hippocampus and frontal cortex (p<0.05), indicating its positive effects on age-related memory disturbances from chronic alcohol intoxication involve BDNF regulation.

Participants:

Animal model: outbred rats. One group consisted of 9-month-old rats not exposed to ethanol. Another group of rats received 10% ethanol as the only source of fluid for 30 weeks.

Dosage:

0.3 mg/kg a day, for 7 days, administered intraperitoneally

Study Quality Assessment:

Animal model study using outbred rats. Methods included the object recognition test and ex vivo experiments. Intervention details: Selank administered at 0.3 mg/kg a day for 7 days, intraperitoneally. Statistical significance reported (p<0.05, p<0.01).

All Effects:

Findings:

Selank, a synthetic analogue of tuftsin, is reported to modulate Interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression, affect T helper cell cytokine balance, influence monoamine neurotransmitter concentrations, induce serotonin metabolism, and elevate BDNF expression in the rat hippocampus. It also inhibits enkephalin-degrading enzymes and produces antidepressant-like effects in animal models. Clinical trials indicate Selank provides sustained nootropic and anxiolytic effects useful for treating generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), potentially without the sedating/negative cognitive side effects or addiction/withdrawal problems associated with benzodiazepines, though this latter claim is noted as needing citation.

Participants:

The text mentions studies involving 'rats' (for BDNF expression and carboxypeptidase activity), 'animal models of depression and anhedonia', and 'patients with anxiety-asthenic disorders' (in clinical trials for immunomodulatory effects and GAD).

Dosage:

General routes of administration for Selank are mentioned as 'Nasal muscosa, IV'. 'Intranasal administration' was specifically mentioned for a study on BDNF expression in rats. Specific dosages or frequencies for human clinical trials are not provided in the text.

Study Quality Assessment:

The text states that 'Clinical trials' have been conducted, showing effects for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Some preclinical research described used 'rats' (e.g., for BDNF studies in the hippocampus) and 'animal models of depression and anhedonia'. 'Intranasal administration' is mentioned as a route in a rat study. The provided text (a Wikipedia article) itself notes that it 'needs additional citations for verification' and a specific claim regarding advantages over benzodiazepines is marked with '[citation needed]'.

All Effects: